14 Misconceptions Commonly Held About Wheelchair Ramp
Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction
A ramp for wheelchairs is a vital tool for helping your loved ones live at home independently. But if not designed correctly, they can be dangerous to use.
ADA regulations require level landings at all changes in direction to avoid compound slopes. They also require an area that is grippy for wheelchair users.
Design
The ramp's design should be in line with the Americans with Disabilities Act standards to allow wheelchairs to navigate the structure easily. The ramp slope can't exceed a 1:12 ratio and the landings have to be level at any change of direction or shift on the ramp's surface. It must also be constructed from treated lumber, which is more durable than untreated and can withstand the effects of rain better.
The sides and top of the ramp must be free of obstructions such as trees, bushes or other structures that could hinder the safe passage of the ramp's user. The surface of the ramp should also be non-slip and hard. Certain municipalities require the use of an anti-slip running surface along the entire length of the ramp.
Make use of treated lumber that is at minimum four inches wide for the ramp frame. To make sure the ramp is secure, build posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend to below the level of the ground. Spindles are the best way to join the posts with the ramp's railings. This kind of connection minimizes the risk of a ramp operator slipping off the side.
Next, build the frame for the ramp using Joists that are at minimum 16 inches long and beams of 2 by 4 inches. Make sure that the joists are at a minimum of 18 inches above the ground and that they're secured with hangers for joists which are nails that hold the inside of the joists to prevent them from slipping off the ground. Attach the ramp decking with a framing nailer.
Install an upper landing close to the doorway, allowing wheelchair occupants to manage the doorswing without difficulty. This landing should be large enough to provide at least 12-24 inches of "elbow space" on the handle side of out-swing doors. The landing for in-swinging doors should be 58 x 60 inches in order to accommodate the threshold of the door as well as wheelchair users who need to reverse through the doorway.
Install a level landing whenever you change in the direction of the ramp to prevent the requirement for wheelchairs to step on their brakes while turning corners. A level landing also makes it easier to move the ramp away from the way if necessary, so that lawnmowers or other equipment can pass underneath it.
Materials
The material used to construct ramps for wheelchairs could be wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installation service can assist you in deciding which is best for 1109278 (find out here) your business or home. When choosing the material for the ramp, it is crucial to consider your budget and requirements. The ramp should be simple to maintain, and it should be safe to use. Certain cities require that the ramp be laid with an anti-slip surface.
Before you purchase any building materials or begin construction, make sure you have the necessary permits from your local government, and ensure that you adhere to all building codes within your area. Making use of the incorrect materials or methods of construction could result in hazardous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find current construction requirements in your local building department, library or on the internet.
Wood ramps can be the least expensive option for ADA ramp materials. However they require more care. Wood ramps need to be maintained regularly using an adhesive to prevent rot. Wood can splinter, which is particularly hazardous for people in wheelchairs. Wood ramps also require additional support to keep the structure in place.
Concrete ramps can be costly but they are also durable and long lasting. They are also heavy, which means more work to construct and makes moving the ramp after it is no longer needed difficult. Concrete ramps are strong enough to support the weight of power wheelchairs.
Aluminum ramps are lighter and more affordable than steel or concrete. They also have the same strength, durability and resistance to corrosion. They are also cheaper than iron or steel and are an ideal choice for those on a tight budget. Aluminum is eco-friendly since it is found in the earth's crust naturally, and is able to be recycled.
The ramp's upper landing should be at a level level, or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door, allowing wheelchairs with smaller wheels to pass over the ramp without becoming stuck. Ramps with a gap greater than this do not conform to ADA standards. It is also important to ensure that the ramp flows smoothly from the upper landing to the surface. The ramp's final section should have a beveled edge that will stop wheelchairs from abruptly stopping when entering or leaving a house.
Installation
A ramp for wheelchairs is a plane inclined ramp that can be used as an alternative to or in the place of steps. It allows wheelchair users and those who use strollers or carts to reach areas that would otherwise be difficult to access.
There are several considerations when choosing a ramp for a wheelchair, including location, height and cost. The ramp should be located as close as possible to the door in order to avoid unnecessary journeys. It should be placed at a level that the person using it is able to be able to easily access it. It should also be fixed to the ground and clear of obstructions, like the trees or cars parked.
ADA regulations stipulate that ramps must have handrails either side. The rails should be at minimum 36" apart and have a smooth or rounded gripping surface. In addition, they must be connected to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches beyond the ramp edge. Handrails must be continuous when a ramp is designed with switchbacks or an L-shaped layout.
The length of a ramp depends on the slope, however there are several basic ramps that can be used in most situations. For example the threshold ramp is flush along the lip of a curb or the threshold of a doorway, while ramps that are portable can be moved from one place to another and are available in a variety of sizes. There are also aluminum ramps that are modular that can be constructed on the spot. These ramps are usually employed in public or commercial areas and are typically longer.
Consult with your city's building department to determine whether a permit is required for an ongoing ramp. It is also advisable to speak with a mobility specialist about the type of ramp that will work best for your needs and the space. In some instances the installation of a permanent ramp can even boost the value of your home.
Maintenance
It is important to maintain your wheelchair ramp particularly if it is going to be used frequently. You'll need to conduct regular inspections and address any structural issues as they arise. This will help ensure that the ramp complies with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.
Regular cleaning of wooden ramps is required to remove dirt and debris that may hinder access. Cleaning the ramp regularly will also stop moisture from accumulating beneath the surface and causing rot. Preservatives and stains for wood only work if the ramp is completely clean prior to application.
Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps as they are more susceptible to wear and tear. It is important to have the right tools. A set of gauge spanners as well as screwdrivers is vital to ensure that all fixings are secure and secure. Also, you should regularly check the handrails for signs of damage or corrosion. As time passes, and with repeated use, it's possible for the fittings or bolts that hold the handrails to come loose. This can be an issue for anyone using the ramp.
Another important aspect is to ensure the ramp's surface is grippy, especially in winter, when conditions can be difficult. You'll need to sweep away any leaves, dirt and other debris that can obstruct the surface and cause slippage. You'll also want to apply an ice melt that is non-corrosive to the ramp surface to avoid slips and injuries.
If you're planning on using your ramp during winter months, you should consider purchasing traction wheels or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. These wheels are made to better track on slippery and snowy surfaces. They will allow you to remain on your ramp for longer than regular wheelchair tires. You can also make use of heating pads or heating tape to melt snow and ice on the ramp before it builds up.